????????Kelvin?????????Fahrenheit?????????Celsius?????????????????????????centigrade????????????????????о?????National Institute of Standards and Technology??NIST????????????λ???SI???????????????????????μ?????????????2019????????????????????????????????????????±?

??????????????????ò???????????Boltzmann constant????????λ????????????豸??

????????λ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????а??????????????Kelvin???????e???????????????????????????ppm????????ù????λ????????y???????????????????????????

???????????????????￡?????????????????????????????????????±?λ??central degrees unit?????????273.15K = 32?H = 0.01?棬??????????y???????????????±?λ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????к?????????????????????2??????????????

???????????????????????豸???????????????????????????????????????????????????

NIST????????????????????????е?????????????????????????????NIST??

?????λ????????????????????/?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????δ?????????????????????????????ù????λ???????????????????????

NIST???豸?????????????????????????????QVNS?????????????????е??????????????豸????????????????????ο??????????????????κ??????????λ??????

?????λ????????????????????????NIST???????????QVNS????????????????????????????????????ο???????????????????????豸??????????????????????????豸????????????????????????????????λ?????????????????????豸??????У????????

NIST?豸?е?о??????????Boltzmann???????????SI??????λ?????????????У??????NIST??

2018??11????????????????е???????????General Conference on Weights and Measures???У????????????????????????????????????????????????????λ??????Kelvin????????????????NIST????????????ˉ???????????????豸????????????

NIST???????Samuel Benz????μ????豸???????????????????????????????????????????????

IST?о??Nathan Flowers-Jacobs???EE Times?????????????“????岨????????????????????????????????Johnson noise thermometry??JNT?????????????????50ppm???μ?????????????Χ????100K??1000K????????????????????????????????????????????????????У?????????????γ?????JNT?????????????????NIST???????????”

Flowers-Jacobs???“??С???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????NIST???????????á?”

NIST?????Horst Rogalla??????????·??????????????й?????????о????National Institute of Metrology in China??????????????

?????????????????????“???????????·?????????????????ж?”??A Boltzmann constant determination based on Johnson noise thermometry????????????“????????????·????????????????????????”??Improved electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant by Johnson noise thermometry????“????????????·????е??????????????????е??????????”??Spectral model selection in the electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant by Johnson noise thermometry????

?????????

???????????г?-2016?桷